Method of preparing a waterproofing composition and product



Patented J an. 24," 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALLEN I. OWEN, OF JACKSON HEIGHT S, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE NAUG-ATUGK CHEMICAL COMPANFZ, OF NAUGATUCK, CONNECTICUT, A. GOBPOBATIQN OE GON- :unorrou'r.

METHOD OF PREPARING A WATERPROOFING COMPOSITION AND PRODUCT.

We. Drawing.

This invention relates to a method of preparing a waterproofing composition and to the product thereof, more particularly to a method of preparing a waterproofa% ing composition suitable for Waterproofing fibrous material such as paper.

There are many fibrous materials employedin the arts, the use of which can be greatly extended if they can be waterlt) prooted in a cheap and etficient manner. For instance a large number of products are packaged in bags made or paper or fabric, and the use of such bags is limited to materials which are not injured or atm tected by moisture and atmospheric conditions, unless precautions are taken to shield w them. As an example, cement has for years been largely packaged in fabric bags but it has been necessary to carefully protect the W bags of cement while in storage against access of moisture, and while it has been customary to reuse the empty bags when possible, a large proportion of them have been rendered unfit for further use by contact with moisture. lOwing to the expense of such bags attempts have been made to substitute paper ones for them, but such bags are also open to the objection that they do not prevent access of moisture to the contents, and moreover the bags themselves when subjected to moisture become wealc ened and liable to burst. While many articles of a more or less hygroscopic nature such as salt, sugar, and similar materials are also being packed in paper bags, their contents are frequently injured or agglomerated by contact with moisture. Many other food pr ducts and materials which are at present pack d in paper bags deteriorate to to some extent when packed in such bags,

due to the escape of volatile constituents or to the absorption of undesirable elementsfrom the atmosphere. 7 An object of the invention is to provide a sim le, cheap and easily-carried out metlbmad of making a waterproofing composition suitable for proofing fibrous materials such as paper and fabrics. Another object is to ,provide a cheap and easily applied waterproofing compound. Another object is to provldo a waterproofing com- Application filed May 7, 1925. Serial No. 28,734. t

pound of such a character that it will not only waterproof fibrous material to which it 1s applied, but will also strengthen the same. Another object is to provide a waterproofing composition in the form of a water dispersion so that the material to be proofed can be treated merely by coating with the dispersion and drying.

For a detailed disclosure of the nature Y and objects of the invention reference is had to the accompanying specification and claims. 1

Without intention to limit the invention otherwise than as required by the prior art, it consists broadly in dispersing a heavy metal saponification product in a water dispersion of rubber, with or without the addition of filling material and coloring it desired. In some cases there may be added to the product'='thus obtained a water emulsion of an oil, and where a vulcanized product is desired sulphur and asuitable accelerating ingredient or'ingredients may also be included,- or instead a vulcanized dispersion of rubber or an aqueous dispersion of vulcanized rubber may be employed.

In carrying out-the preferred form of the invention the, saponification product of a metal such as aluminum, zinc, or lead, with various resins, or with stearic, oleic or palmitic acids, for example, is mixed in dry form with a water solution of a suitable colloid such as glue. These saponifi cation products are both water insoluble and water repellant. It a filler is to be used the dry filler and the saponification product are first mixed and then dispersed in the water solu-- tion of the colloid. In place of the glue any other suitable colloid such as saponin, casein, starch, albumin, gum Karaya, potas sium or sodium oleates, etc. may be used. The mixture thus obtained may then be passed through a paint mill or-similar chine to complete the dispersion and mixing, 1? and the resulting product then stirred into a water dispersion of rubbeig'; This dispersion may be rubber latex, either vulcanized or unvulcanized or any artficial rubber dispersion. 1

In some cases it may be desirable to add an oil, and if so this'is first made up into a water emulsion and then added to the above compound. The consistency of the resulting mix ma be varied as desired by adding water. uitable fillers are gilders whiting, clays and talc, but any other appropriate ones may be used.

As an example of a suitable compound the following is given:

100 parts rubber as latex, 100 parts aluminum resinate, 100 parts gilders whiting, 50 parts medium spindle oil, 15 parts glue or other protective colloid,

Another compound is as follows 100 parts rubber as latex, 10 parts aluminum resinate, 50 parts talc, 10 parts glue or other protective colloid.

The aluminum resinate can be varied in amount or partially or wholly replaced by other heavy metal saponification products such as those previously named. The glue can also be varied somewhat in quantity or replaced by any other suitable protective co loid, or in some cases it may be omitted. The spindle oil can be varied in amount or eliminated or replaced by other oils or so called rubber softeners such as paraffin, rosin, pine, castor, cottonseed or palm oils, or cumar resin, pine or coal tar products, etc. These will vary the hardness and flexibility of the film. Sulphur can be introduced if desired to increase the dryness of the resulting film, and where a vulcanized product is preferred suitable accelerators may also be included, or instead of obtaining a vulcanized roduct in this manner the dispersion may e made up with the use of a vulcanized latex or other dispersion containing rubber in vulcanized form. The cost of the treated paper or other fibrous material and other factors such as the hardness desired 1n the waterproofing film will determine Whether or not a vulcanized product is to be made. In certain cases it may be desirable to talc or otherwise treat the proofed material.

Instead of dispersing the heavy metal saponification product with a colloid it may be mixed'into water directly and suitably dispersed, as by the use of a colloid mill or paint mill, and preferably in the presence of an alkali. If fillers are to be added they are preferably first mixed dry with the heavy metal saponification product and then dispersed as above stated. The resulting product is mixed with the rubber dispersion, and if mineral oil or its e uivalent is to be used this may then be ad ed in emulsified form; or instead the emulsified mineral oil or its e uivalent may first be added to the rubber ispersion and the water dispersion of the heavy metal soap added last.

While the invention is not limited in its nature and is applicable to various fabrics andother fibrous materials, it has been found particularly suitable for waterproofing paper. Paper bags for Portland cement, which have been proofed according to the above inventionon a standard coating machine have been found very satisfactory in service, and it has been found that paper proofed according to the invention withstood the pressure of a column of water 22 high without penetration. The compound may be easily applied with a simple apparatus such as an ordinary brush paper coating machine, tub-sizing machine or in size boxes on a paper machine or by painting, spraying, dipping or in any other usual manner, etc., and where vulcanization is not desired, or where it has taken place previous to the coating,the only other step is that of drying. Since the compound is in the form of a water dispersion there are no noxious vapors to be taken care of during the drying operation, nor any risk of fire due to the giving off of inflammable vapors. llf one of the socalled cold curing accelerators is employed where a vulcanized article is desired, the vulcanization may then be obtained at ordinary temperatures or temperatures considerably below the usual hot vulcanization temperatures. In addition to the above advantages the product of the invention whether vulcanized or unvulcanizcd has excellent aging properties. As an instance when kraft paper was coated with the compound given in the first example and aged in a hot-air oven for 100 hours at 155 F. the coating was found to be in excellent condition and free from taclriness.

It will be seen that by the invention a simple, cheap and eflicient process has been devised for making a waterproofing compound for fibrous material, and the product of the process is simply, easily and cheaply applied to the material to be proofed, with a resultant proofed material which is not only moisture proof but is also considerably strengthened.

With the above detailed disclosure of the invention it is evident that numerous modi fications will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and it is not desired to limit the invention otherwise than as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to protect by Letters (Jll a water insoluble and water repellent heavy in a water dispersion of a colloid, mixing the lid til

metal saponification product in a rubber latex.

4. The methodof making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a eavy metal saponification fproductan dry form in a water dispersion o a colloid, and mixing the dispersion with a water d1spersion of rubber.

5. The method of making a waterproofing com ound which comprises mixing afiller an a heavy metal saponification prodnot in dry form, and dispersing the mixture resulting product with a water dispersion of rubber, and then mixing with a water dispersion of an oil.

6. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a water insoluble metallic saponification product in dry form in a water dispersion of acolloid, and mixing the dispersion with a water dispersion of rubber.

7. The method of making a. waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a heavy metal resinate in a water dispersion of a colloid, mixing the dispersion with a water dispersion of rubber and mixing the resulting product with a water dispersion of an oil.

8. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersin a heavy metal saponification roduct in dry form in a water dispersion o glue, and mixing the dispersion with a water dispersion of rubber.

9. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises mixing a filler and a heavy metal saponification product in dry form, dispersing the mixture in a water dispersion'of glue, stirring the resulting mix into a water dispersion of rubber, and mixing this product with a water dispersion of an oil.

10. The method of making a waterproof ing compound which comprises dispersing aluminum resinate in dry form in a water dispersion of a colloid, and mixing the dispersion witha water dispersion of rubber.

11. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing aluminum resinate ina water dispersion of glue, then mixin with a water dispersion of rubber, and mixing the result with a water dispersion of an oil. A

12. The method of making a waterproofing compound whiclLcomprises mixing a heavy metal saponification product with a water dispersion of a colloid, and mixing the result with rubber latex.

13. The method of maln'ng awaterproofing compound which comprises mixlng a heavy metal resinate with a water dispersion of a colloid, mixing this product with rubber latex, and mixing the resulting product with a water dispersion of an oil. 7 l4. vThe method of making a waterproof ing compound which comprises mixing a filler and aluminum resinate in dry form dispersing the mix in a water dispersion oi glue, and mixing the resulting product with rubber latex.

15. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises mixing a filler and aluminum resinate in dry form, dispersing the mixture in a water dispersion of glue, mixing with rubber latex and adding the product to a water dispersion of light s indle oil. Y z 16. s a new article, a waterproofin vcompound comprising a water dispersion 0 rubber, and a water insoluble and water repellant saponification product.

17 As a new article, a water roofing comispersion of pound comprising a Water rubber, a heavy metal sap uct, and a colloid.

18. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising a water dispersion onification prod- (at rubber, a heavy metal resinate, a colloi, and

an oil.

19. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising rubber latex, a heavy metal resinate, and a colloid.

20. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising rubber latex, aluminum resinate and glue.

21. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising a water dispersion of rubber, a filler, a heavy metal saponification product, a colloid, and an oil.

22. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising a water dispersion of rub her, a filler, a heavy metal reslnate, a colloid, and an oil.

23. As a new article, a waterproofing compound .comprising' rubber latex, a filler, aluminum resinate, glue, and light spindle oil.

Signed at New York, county of New .York, State of New York, this 29th day of April, 1925.

ALLEN F OWEN. 

